As companies mature, they often face declining growth as innovation gives way to the momentum of business as usual. In order to achieve consistent levels of growth throughout their corporate lifetimes, companies must attend to existing businesses while still considering areas they can grow in the future. The three horizons framework is featured in The Alchemy of Growth (The Alchemy of Growth: Practical Insights for Building the Enduring Enterprise), this book provides a structure for companies to assess potential opportunities for growth without neglecting performance in the present.
The ability to see the three horizons can frame the success of businesses owners are aiming to achieve.
Horizon One
Horizon one represents those core businesses most readily identified with the company name and brand. The key is on what provide the greatest profits and cash flow. Here the focus is on improving performance maximising the remaining value.
Horizon Two
Horizon two encompasses emerging opportunities, including rising entrepreneurial ventures likely to generate substantial profits in the future but that could require considerable investment.
Horizon Three
Horizon three contains ideas for profitable growth down the road – for instance, small ventures such as research projects, pilot programs, or minority stakes in new businesses.
The timeframe should not be interpreted as a prompt for when to pay attention – now, later, or much later. Companies must manage businesses along all three horizons concurrently. The process suggests the cycle by which businesses move, over time, from horizon two to horizon one, or from horizon three to horizon two. Growth in value that companies achieve is by attending to all three horizons simultaneously.
The framework continues to be useful, especially in uncertain times, such as where we are now. The immediacy of concerns around horizon-one businesses can easily overwhelm other efforts important to the future of a company. Leaders can use the three horizons model as a blueprint for balancing attention to and investments in both current performance and opportunities for growth.